ࡱ>  '` R,bjbj2R$888888t88888999@BBBBBB$ghτTf1>991>1>f88{JJJ1> 88@J1>@JJ6|~88 N\8H},@0},#H#X~~#9A:|J:d!;999ffJ9991>1>1>1>XX Pipe fitting Pipe fitting is the occupation of installing or repairing piping or tubing systems that convey liquid, gas, and occasionally solid materials. This work involves selecting and preparing pipe or tubing, joining it together by various means, and the location and repair of leaks. Pipe fitting work is done in many different trades: Plumbing, HVAC, manufacturing, fire prevention, and many others. Pipe fitters (sometimes called simply "fitters") are represented in the USA by the United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of the United States and Canada. Fitters work with a variety of pipe and tubing materials including several types of plastic, copper, steel, iron, aluminium, clay, and lead. Flange Flange is piping component that functions to link between the pipes with the other components such as valve, strainer, expansion joint, tools instruments, etc.. and to close the flow fluida. Besides these functions in the design of special flange installed for maintenance (break flange). In terms of the strength of the pressure and temperature, is classified in the flange of the rating are: 150 #, 300 #, 400 #, 600, 900 #, 900 #, 1500 #, and # 2500. A valve is a device that regulates the flow of a fluid (gases, fluidized solids, slurries, or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. Valves Valves are also found in the human body. For example, there are several which control the flow of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the correct pumping action (see heart valve article). Valves are used in a variety of contexts, including industrial, military, commercial, residential, and transportation. Oil and gas, power generation, mining, water reticulation, sewerage and chemical manufacturing are the industries in which the majority of valves are used. Plumbing valves, such as taps for hot and cold water are the most noticeable types of valves. Other valves encountered on a daily basis include gas control valves on cookers and barbecues, small valves fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, and safety devices fitted to hot water systems. Valves may be operated manually, either by a hand wheel, lever or pedal. Valves may also be automatic, driven by changes in pressure, temperature or flow. These changes may act upon a diaphram or a piston which in turn activates the valve, examples of this type of valve found commonly are safety valves fitted to hot water systems or steam boilers. More complex control systems using valves requiring automatic control based on an external input (i.e., regulating flow through a pipe to a changing set point) require an actuator. An actuator will stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, allowing the valve to be positioned accurately, and allowing control over a variety of requirements. Valves are also found in the Otto cycle (internal combustion) engines driven by a camshaft, lifters and or push rods where they play a major role in engine cycle control ASTM&ASME standards for pipeline ASME/ANSI B16.1 - 1998 - Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings This Standard for Classes 25, 125, and 250 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings covers: (a) pressure-temperature ratings, (b) sizes and method of designating openings of reducing fittings, (c) marking, (d) minimum requirements for materials, (e) dimensions and tolerances, (f) bolt, nut, and gasket dimensions and (g) tests. ASME/ANSI B16.3 - 1998 - Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings This Standard for threaded malleable iron fittings Classes 150, and 300 provides requirements for the following: (a) pressure-temperature ratings (b) size and method of designating openings of reducing fittings (c) marking (d) materials (e) dimensions and tolerances (f) threading (g) coatings ASME/ANSI B16.4 - 1998 - Cast Iron Threaded Fittings This Standard for gray iron threaded fittings, Classes 125 and 250 covers: (a) pressure-temperature ratings (b) size and method of designating openings of reducing fittings (c) marking (d) material (e) dimensions and tolerances (f) threading, and (g) coatings ASME/ANSI B16.5 - 1996 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings The ASME B16.5 - 1996 Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, testing, and methods of designating openings for pipe flanges and flanged fittings. The standard includes flanges with rating class designations 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24, with requirements given in both metric and U.S units. The Standard is limited to flanges and flanged fittings made from cast or forged materials, and blind flanges and certain reducing flanges made from cast, forged, or plate materials. Also included in this Standard are requirements and recommendations regarding flange bolting, flange gaskets, and flange joints. ASME/ANSI B16.9 - 2001 - Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings This Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances, ratings, testing, and markings for wrought factory-made buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1/2 through 48 (DN 15 through 1200). ASME/ANSI B16.10 - 2000 - Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves This Standard covers face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions of straightway valves, and center-to face and center-to-end dimensions of angle valves. Its purpose is to assure installation interchangeability for valves of a given material, type size, rating class, and end connection ASME/ANSI B16.11 - 2001 - Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded This Standard covers ratings, dimensions, tolerances, marking and material requirements for forged fittings, both socket-welding and threaded. ASME/ANSI B16.12 - 1998 - Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings This Standard for cast iron threaded drainage fittings covers: (a) size and method of designating openings in reducing fittings (b) marking (c) materials (d) dimensions and tolerances (e) threading (f) ribs (g) coatings (h) face bevel discharge nozzles, input shafts, base plates, and foundation bolt holes (see Tables 1 and 2). ASME/ANSI B16.14 - 1991 - Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with Pipe Threads This Standard for Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads covers: (a) pressure-temperature ratings: (b) size; (c) marking; (d) materials; (e) dimensions and tolerances; (f) threading; and (g) pattern taper. ASME/ANSI B16.15 - 1985 (R1994) - Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings This Standard pertains primarily to cast Class 125and Class 250 bronze threaded pipe fittings. Certain requirements also pertain to wrought or cast plugs, bushings, couplings, and caps. This Standard covers: (a) pressure-temperature ratings; (b) size and method of designating openings of reducing pipe fittings; (c) marking; (d) minimum requirements for casting quality and materials; (e) dimensions and tolerances in U.S. customary and metric (SI) units; (f) threading. ASME/ANSI B16.18 - 1984 (R1994) - Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings This Standard for cast copper alloy solder joint pressure fittings designed for use with copper water tube, establishes requirements for: (a) Pressure-temperature ratings; (b) Abbreviations for end connections; (c) Sizes and method of designating openings of fittings; (d) Marking; (e) Material; (f) Dimensions and tolerances; and (g) Tests. ASME/ANSI B16.20 - 1998 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed This standard covers materials, dimensions, tolerances, and markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gaskets and filler material. These gaskets are dimensionally suitable for used with flanges described in the reference flange standards ASME/ANSI B16.5, ASME B16.47, and API-6A. This standard covers spiral-wound metal gaskets and metal jacketed gaskets for use with raised face and flat face flanges. Replaces API-601 or API-601. ASME/ANSI B16.21 - 1992 - Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges This Standard for nonmetallic flat gaskets for bolted flanged joints in piping includes: (a) types and sizes; (b) materials; (c) dimensions and allowable tolerances. ASME/ANSI B16.22 - 1995 - Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings The Standard establishes specifications for wrought copper and wrought copper alloy, solder-joint, seamless fittings, designed for use with seamless copper tube conforming to ASTM B 88 (water and general plumbing systems), B 280 (air conditioning and refrigeration service), and B 819 (medical gas systems), as well as fittings intended to be assembled with soldering materials conforming to ASTM B 32, brazing materials conforming to AWS A5.8, or with tapered pipe thread conforming to ASME B1.20.1. This Standard is allied with ASME B16.18, which covers cast copper alloy pressure fittings. It provides requirements for fitting ends suitable for soldering. This Standard covers: (a) pressure temperature ratings; (b) abbreviations for end connections; (c) size and method of designating openings of fittings; (d) marking; (e) material; (f) dimension and tolerances; and (g) tests. ASME/ANSI B16.23 - 1992 - Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV) The Standard establishes specifications for cast copper alloy solder joint drainage fittings, designed for use in drain, waste, and vent (DWV) systems. These fittings are designed for use with seamless copper tube conforming to ASTM B 306, Copper Drainage Tube (DWV), as well as fittings intended to be assembled with soldering materials conforming to ASTM B 32, or tapered pipe thread conforming to ASME B1.20.1. This standard is allied with ASME B16.29, Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings - DWV. It provides requirements for fitting ends suitable for soldering. This standard covers: (a) description; (b) pitch (slope); (c) abbreviations for end connections; (d) sizes and methods for designing openings for reducing fittings; (e) marking; (f) material; and (g) dimensions and tolerances. ASME/ANSI B16.24 - 1991 (R1998) - Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings This Standard for Classes 25, 125, 250, and 800 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings covers: (a) pressure temperature ratings, (b) sizes and methods of designating openings for reduced fittings, (c) marking, (d) minimum requirements for materials, (e) dimensions and tolerances, (f) bolt, nut, and gasket dimensions, and (g) tests. ASME/ANSI B16.25 - 1997 - Buttwelding Ends The Standard covers the preparation of butt welding ends of piping components to be joined into a piping system by welding. It includes requirements for welding bevels, for external and internal shaping of heavy-wall components, and for preparation of internal ends (including dimensions and tolerances). Coverage includes preparation for joints with the following. (a) no backing rings; (b) split or non continuous backing rings; (c) solid or continuous backing rings; (d) consumable insert rings; (e) gas tungsten are welding (GTAW) of the root pass. Details of preparation for any backing ring must be specified in ordering the component. ASME/ANSI B16.26 - 1988 - Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes This standard for Cast Copper Alloy Fitting for Flared Copper Tubes covers: (a) pressure rating; (b) material; (c) size; (d) threading; (e) marking. ASME/ANSI B16.28 - 1994 - Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns This Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns. The term wrought denotes fittings made of pipe, tubing, plate, or forgings. ASME/ANSI B16.29 - 1994 - Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV) The standard for wrought copper and wrought copper alloy solder joint drainage fittings, designed for use with copper drainage tube, covers: (a) Description, (b) Pitch (slope), (c) Abbreviations for End Connections, (d) Sizes and Method of Designating Openings for Reducing Fittings, (e) Marking, (f) Material, (g) Dimensions and Tolerances. ASME/ANSI B16.33 - 1990 - Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping Systems Up to 125 psig General This Standard covers requirements for manually operated metallic valves sizes NPS 1.2 through NPS 2, for outdoor installation as gas shut-off valves at the end of the gas service line and before the gas regulator and meter where the designated gauge pressure of the gas piping system does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). The Standard applies to valves operated in a temperature environment between .20 degrees F and 150 degrees F (.29 degrees C and 66 degrees C). Design This Standard sets forth the minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties, which a valve at the time of manufacture must possess, in order to be considered suitable for use in gas piping systems. ASME/ANSI B16.34 - 1996 - Valves - Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End This standard applies to new valve construction and covers pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances, materials, nondestructive examination requirements, testing, and marking for cast, forged, and fabricated flanged, threaded, and welding end, and wafer or flangeless valves of steel, nickel-base alloys, and other alloys shown in Table 1. Wafer or flangeless valves, bolted or through-bolt types, that are installed between flanges or against a flange shall be treated as flanged end valves. ASME/ANSI B16.36 - 1996 - Orifice Flanges This Standard covers flanges (similar to those covered in ASME B16.5) that have orifice pressure differential connections. Coverage is limited to the following: (a) welding neck flanges Classes 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 (b) slip-on and threaded Class 300 Orifice, Nozzle and Venturi Flow Rate Meters ASME/ANSI B16.38 - 1985 (R1994) - Large Metallic Valves for Gas Distribution The standard covers only manually operated metallic valves in nominal pipe sizes 2 1/2 through 12 having the inlet and outlet on a common center line, which are suitable for controlling the flow of gas from open to fully closed, for use in distribution and service lines where the maximum gage pressure at which such distribution piping systems may be operated in accordance with the code of federal regulations (cfr), title 49, part 192, transportation of natural and other gas by pipeline; minimum safety standard, does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). Valve seats, seals and stem packing may be nonmetallic. ASME/ANSI B16.39 - 1986 (R1998) - Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions This Standard for threaded malleable iron unions, classes 150, 250, and 300, provides requirements for the following: (a) design (b) pressure-temperature ratings (c) size (d) marking (e) materials (f) joints and seats (g) threads (h) hydrostatic strength (i) tensile strength (j) air pressure test (k) sampling (l) coatings (m) dimensions ASME/ANSI B16.40 - 1985 (R1994) - Manually Operated Thermoplastic Gas The Standard covers manually operated thermoplastic valves in nominal sizes 1.2 through 6 (as shown in Table 5). These valves are suitable for use below ground in thermoplastic distribution mains and service lines. The maximum pressure at which such distribution piping systems may be operated is in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) Title 49, Part 192, Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline; Minimum Safety Standards, for temperature ranges of .20 deg. F to 100 deg. F (.29 deg. C to 38 deg. C). This Standard sets qualification requirements for each nominal valve size for each valve design as a necessary condition for demonstrating conformance to this Standard. This Standard sets requirements for newly manufactured valves for use in below ground piping systems for natural gas [includes synthetic natural gas (SNG)], and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases (distributed as a vapor, with or without the admixture of air) or mixtures thereof. ASME/ANSI B16.42 - 1998 - Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300 The Standard covers minimum requirements for Class 150 and 300 cast ductile iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings. The requirements covered are as follows: (a) pressure-temperature ratings (b) sizes and method of designating openings (c) marking (d) materials (e) dimensions and tolerances (f) blots, nuts, and gaskets (g) tests ASME/ANSIB16.44 - 1995 - Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in House Piping Systems This Standard applies to new valve construction and covers quarter turn manually operated metallic valves in sizes NPS 1/2-2 which are intended for indoor installation as gas shutoff valves when installed in indoor gas piping between a gas meter outlet & the inlet connection to a gas appliance. ASME/ANSI B16.45 - 1998 - Cast Iron Fittings for Solvent Drainage Systems The Standard for cast iron drainage fittings used on self-aerating, one-pipe Solvent drainage systems, covers the following: (a) description (b) sizes and methods for designating openings for reducing fittings (c) marking (d) material (e) pitch (f) design (g) dimensions and tolerances (h) tests ASME/ANSI B16.47 - 1996 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 through NPS 60 This Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, and testing for pipe flanges in sizes NPS 26 through NPS 60 and in ratings Classes 75, 150,0300, 400, 600, and 900. Flanges may be cast, forged, or plate (for blind flanges only) materials. Requirements and recommendations regarding bolting and gaskets are also included. ASME/ANSI B16.48 - 1997 - Steel Line Blanks The Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, and testing for operating line blanks in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 for installation between ASME B16. 5 flanges in the 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 pressure classes. ASME/ANSI B16.49 - 2000 - Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Induction Bends for Transportation and Distribution Systems This Standard covers design, material, manufacturing, testing, marking, and inspection requirements for factory-made pipeline bends of carbon steel materials having controlled chemistry and mechanical properties, produced by the induction bending process, with or without tangents. This Standard covers induction bends for transportation and distribution piping applications (e.g., ASME B31.4, B31.8, and B31.11) Process and power piping have differing requirements and materials that may not be appropriate for the restrictions and examinations described herein, and therefore are not included in this Standard. MASS&ISO standars for pipeline ISO 7-1:1994-05 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads - Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation ISO 7-2:2000 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads - Part 2: Verification by means of limit gauges ISO 49:1994 Malleable cast iron fittings threaded to ISO 7-1 ISO 228-1:2000 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads - Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation ISO 228-2:1987 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads; Part 2 : Verification by means of limit gauges ISO 264:1976 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fittings with plain sockets for pipes under pressure; Laying lengths; Metric series ISO 265-1:1988 Pipes and fittings of plastics materials; fittings for domestic and industrial waste pipes; basic dimensions: metric series; part 1: unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) ISO 392:1986 Asbestos-cement pipe fittings for building and sanitary purposes ISO 580:1990 Injection-molded unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) fittings; oven test; test method and basic specifications ISO 727-1:2002 Fittings made from unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) or acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) with plain sockets for pipes under pressure - Part 1: Metric series ISO 727-2:2002 Fittings made from unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) or acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) with plain sockets for pipes under pressure - Part 2: Inch-based series ISO 881:1980 Asbestos-cement pipes, joints, fittings/sewage/drain ISO 1179:1981 Pipe connections, threaded to ISO 228/1, for plain end steel and other metal tubes in industrial applications ISO 1635-2:1987 Seamless wrought copper and copper alloy tube ISO 1651:1974 Tube drawing mandrels ISO 1684:1975 Wire, bar and tube drawing dies; Specifications ISO 2016:1981 Capillary solder fittings for copper tubes; Assembly dimensions and tests ISO 2035:1974 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) moulded fittings for elastic sealing ring type joints for use under pressure; Pressure-resistance test ISO 2044:1974 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) injection-moulded solvent-welded socket fittings for use with pressure pipe; Hydraulic internal pressure test ISO 2048:1990 Double-socket fittings for unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pressure pipes with elastic sealing ring type joints; minimum depths of engagement ISO 2284:1987 Hand taps for parallel and taper pipe threads; General dimensions and marking ISO 2507-1:1995 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Vicat softening temperature - Part 1: General test method ISO 2507-2:1995 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Vicat softening temperature - Part 2: Test conditions for unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) or chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) pipes and fittings and for high impact resistance poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI) pipes ISO 2507-3:1995 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Vicat softening temperature - Part 3: Test conditions for acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) and acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylic ester (ASA) pipes and fittings ISO 2531:1998 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water or gas applications ISO 2804:1996 Wire, bar or tube drawing dies - As-sintered pellets of hardmetal (carbide) - Dimensions ISO 2851:1993 Stainless steel bends and tees for the food industry ISO 2852:1993 Stainless steel clamp pipe couplings for the food industry ISO 3183-1:1996 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipe for pipelines - Technical delivery conditions - Part 1: Pipes of requirement class A ISO 3183-2:1996 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipe for pipelines - Technical delivery conditions - Part 2: Pipes of requirements class B ISO 3253:1998 Gas welding equipment - Hose connections for equipment for welding, cutting and allied processes ISO/TR 3313:1998 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits - Guidelines on the effects of flow pulsations on flow-measurement instruments ISO 3419:1981 Non-alloy and alloy steel butt-welding fittings ISO 3458:1976 Assembled joints between fittings and polyethylene (PE) pressure pipes ; Test of leakproofness under internal pressure ISO 3459:1976 Polyethylene (PE) pressure pipes; Joints assembled with mechanical fittings; Internal under-pressure test method and requirement ISO 3477:1981 Polypropylene (PP) pipes and fittings - density ISO 3501:1976 Assembled joints between fittings and polyethylene (PE) pressure pipes; Test of resistance to pull out ISO 3503:1976 Assembled joints between fittings and polyethylene (PE) pressure pipes; Test of leakproofness under internal pressure when subjected to bending ISO 3514:1976 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) pipes and fittings; Specification and determination of density ISO 3545-1:1989 Steel tubes and fittings; symbols for use in specifications; part 1: tubes and tubular accessories with circular cross-section ISO 3545-2:1989 Steel tubes and fittings; symbols for use in specifications; part 2: square and rectangular hollow sections ISO 3545-3:1989 Steel tubes and fittings; symbols for use in specifications; part 3: tubular fittings with circular cross-section ISO 3586:1976 Glass plant, pipeline and fittings; general rules for testing, handling and use ISO 3587:1976 Glass plant, pipeline and fittings; Pipeline and fittings of nominal bore 15 to 150 mm; Compatibility and interchangeability ISO 3603:1977 Fittings for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pressure pipes with elastic sealing ring type joints; Pressure test for leakproofness ISO 3604:1976 Fittings for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pressure pipes with elastic sealing ring type joints; Pressure test for leakproofness under conditions of external hydraulic pressure ISO 3633:2002 Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) ISO 4056:1978 Polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings- designation ISO 4059:1978 Polyethylene (PE) pipes; Pressure drop in mechanical pipe-jointing systems; Method of test and requirements ISO 4132:1979 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and metal adaptor fittings for pipes under pressure; Laying lengths and size of threads; Metric series ISO 4144:2003 Pipework - Stainless steel fittings threaded in accordance with ISO 7-1 ISO 4145:1986 Non-alloy steel fittings threaded to ISO 7/1 ISO 4230:1987 Hand- and machine-operated circular screwing dies for taper pipe threads; R series ISO 4231:1987 Hand- and machine-operated circular screwing dies for parallel pipe threads - G series ISO 4397:1993 Fluid power systems and components; connectors and associated components; nominal outside diameters of tubes and nominal inside diameters of hoses ISO 4439:1979 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes and fittings; Determination and specification of density ISO 4422-1:1996 Pipes and fittings made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for water supply - Specifications - Part 1: General ISO 4422-2:1996 Pipes and fittings made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for water supply - Specifications - Part 2: Pipes (with or without integral sockets) ISO 4422-3:1996 Pipes and fittings made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for water supply - Specifications - Part 3: Fittings and joints ISO 4422-5:1997 Pipes and fittings made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for water supply - Specifications - Part 5: Fitness for purpose of the system ISO 4435:2003 Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) ISO 4440-1:1994 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Determination of melt mass-flow rate - Part 1: Test method ISO 4440-2:1994 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Determination of melt mass-flow rate - Part 2: Test conditions ISO 4451:1980 Polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings - determinati ISO 4483:1979 Asbestos-cement pipelines; Field pressure testing ISO 4486:1985 Asbestos-cement ventilation ducts and fittings; Dimensions and characteristics ISO 4488:1979 Asbestos-cement pipes and joints for thrust-boring and pipe jacking ISO 4704:1977 Glass plant, pipeline and fittings; Glass plant components ISO/TR 5168:1998 Measurement of fluid flow - Evaluation of uncertainties ISO 5251:1981 Stainless steel butt-welding fittings ISO 5256:1985 Steel pipes and fittings for buried or submerged pipe lines; External and internal coating by bitumen or coal tar derived materials ISO 5361:1999 Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment - Tracheal tubes and connectors ISO 5730:1992 Stationary shell boilers of welded construction (other than water-tube boilers) ISO 5969:1979 Ground thread taps for pipe threads G series and Rp series; Tolerances on the threaded portion ISO 6207:1992 Seamless nickel and nickel alloy tube ISO 6447:1983 Rubber seals; Joint rings used for gas supply pipes and fittings; Specification for material ISO 6448:1985 Rubber seals; Joint rings used for petroleum product supply pipes and fittings; Specification for material ISO 6455:1983 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fittings with elastic sealing ring type joints for pipes under pressure; Dimensions of laying lengths; Metric series ISO 6594:1983 Cast iron drainage pipes and fittings; Spigot series ISO 6605:2002 Hydraulic fluid power - Hoses and hose assemblies - Test methods ISO 6761:1981 Steel tubes; Preparation of ends of tubes and fittings for welding ISO 6964:1986 Polyolefin pipes and fittings; Determination of carbon black content by calcination and pyrolysis; Test method and basic specification ISO/TR 7074:1986 Performance requirements for plastics pipes and fittings for use in underground drainage and sewage ISO 7228:1993 Tracheal tube connectors ISO 7245:1984 Pipes and fittings of acrylonitrile-butadiene- styrene (ABS); General specification for moulding and extrusion materials ISO 7246:1984 Pipes and fittings of acrylonitrile/styrene/ acrylester (ASA); General specification for moulding and extrusion materials ISO 7268:1983 Pipe components; Definition of nominal pressure ISO 7278-2:1988 Liquid hydrocarbons; dynamic measurement; proving systems for volumetric meters; part 2: pipe provers ISO 7279:1984 Polypropylene (PP) fittings for pipes under pressure; Sockets for fusion using heated tools; Metric series; Dimensions of sockets ISO 7370:1982 Glass fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings; Nominal diameters, specified diameters and standard lengths ISO 7387-1:1983 Adhesives with solvents for assembly of u PVC pipe elements; Characterization; Part 1 : Basic test methods ISO 7608:1985 Shipbuilding; Inland navigation; Couplings for disposal of oily mixture and sewage water ISO 7671:2003 Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Polypropylene (PP) ISO 7675:2003 Plastic piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) ISO 7682:2003 Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) ISO 7686:1992 Plastics pipes and fittings; opacity; test method ISO 8142:1990 Thermal insulation; bonded preformed man-made mineral fiber pipe sections; specification ISO 8283-1:1991 Plastics pipes and fittings; dimensions of sockets and spigots for discharge systems inside buildings; part 1: unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) ISO 8283-2:1992 Plastics pipes and fittings; dimensions of sockets and spigots for discharge systems inside buildings; part 2: polyethylene (PE) ISO 8283-3:1992 Plastics pipes and fittings; dimensions of sockets and spigots for discharge systems inside buildings; part 3: polypropylene (PP) ISO 8283-4:1992 Plastics pipes and fittings; dimensions of sockets and spigots for discharge systems inside buildings; part 4: acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) ISO 8361-1:1991 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings; water absorption; part 1: general test method ISO 8361-2:1991 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings; water absorption; part 2: test conditions for unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes and fittings ISO 8361-3:1991 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings; water absorption; part 3: test conditions for acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) pipes and fittings ISO 8434-1, :1994 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use - Part 1: 24 compression fittings ISO 8434-2:1994 Metallic tube fittings for fluid power and general use - Part 2: 37 flared fittings ISO 8434-3:1995 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use - Part 3: O-ring face seal fittings ISO 8434-4:1995 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use - Part 4: 24 cone connectors with O-ring weld-on nipples ISO 8434-5:1995 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use - Part 5: Test methods for threaded hydraulic fluid power connections ISO 8491:1998 Metallic materials - Tube (in full section) - Bend test ISO 8492:1998 Metallic materials - Tube - Flattening test ISO 8493:1998 Metallic materials - Tube - Drift-expanding test ISO 8494:1998 Metallic materials - Tube - Flanging test ISO 8495:1998 Metallic materials - Tube - Ring-expanding test ISO 8496:1998 Metallic materials - Tube - Ring tensile test ISO 8497:1994 Thermal insulation; determination of steady-state thermal transmission properties of thermal insulation for circular pipes ISO 8572:1991 Pipes and fittings made of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP); definitions of terms relating to pressure, including relationships between them, and terms for installation and jointing ISO 8770:2003 Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Polyethylene (PE) ISO 8772:1991 High density polyethylene (PE-HD) pipes and fittings for buried drainage and sewerage systems; specifications ISO 8773:1991 Polypropylene (PP) pipes and fittings for buried drainage and sewerage systems; specifications ISO 8796:2004 Polyethylene PE 32 and PE 40 pipes for irrigation laterals - Susceptibility to environmental stress cracking induced by insert-type fittings - Test method and requirements ISO 9080:2003 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Determination of the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation ISO 9095:1990 Steel tubes; continuous character marking and colour coding for material identification ISO 9261:2004 Agricultural irrigation equipment - Emitters and emitting pipe - Specification and test methods ISO 9356:1989 Polyolefin pipe assemblies with or without jointed fittings; resistance to internal pressure; test method ISO 9623:1997 PE/metal and PP/metal adaptor fittings for pipes for fluids under pressure - Design lengths and size of threads - Metric series ISO 9625:1993 Mechanical joint fittings for use with polyethylene pressure pipes for irrigation purposes ISO 9691:1992 Rubber; recommendations for the workmanship of pipe joint rings; description and classification of imperfections ISO 9803:1993 Vacuum technology; pipeline fittings; mounting dimensions ISO/TR 9824-1:1990 Measurement of free surface flow in closed conduits; part 1: methods ISO 9808:1990 Solar water heaters; elastomeric materials for absorbers, connecting pipes and fittings; method of assessment ISO/TR 9824-2:1990 Measurement of free surface flow in closed conduits; part 2: equipment ISO 9853:1991 Injection-moulded unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) fittings for pressure pipe systems; crushing test ISO 10147:1994 Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content ISO/TR 10358:1993 Plastics pipes and fittings; combined chemical-resistance classification table ISO 10400:1993 Petroleum and natural gas industries; formulae and calculation for casing, tubing, drill pipe and line pipe properties ISO 10420:1994 Petroleum and natural gas industries; flexible pipe systems for subsea and marine riser applications ISO 10422:2001 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Threading, gauging and thread inspection of casing, tubing and line pipe ISO 10508:1995 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings for hot and cold water systems ISO 10806:2003 Pipework - Fittings for corrugated metal hoses ISO/TR 10837:1991 Determination of the thermal stability of polyethylene (PE) for use in gas pipes and fittings ISO 10928:1997 Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings - Methods for regression analysis and their use ISO 10931-1:1997 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) - Part 1: General ISO 10931-2:1997 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) - Part 2: Pipes ISO 10931-3:1996 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) - Part 3: Fittings ISO 10931-4:1997 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) - Part 4: Valves ISO 10931-5:1998 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) - Part 5: Fitness for purpose of the system ISO/TR 11295:1992 Techniques for rehabilitation of pipeline systems by the use of plastics pipes and fittings ISO 11413:1996 Plastics pipes and fittings - Preparation of test piece assemblies between a polyethylene (PE) pipe and an electrofusion fitting ISO 11414:1996 Plastics pipes and fittings - Preparation of polyethylene (PE) pipe/pipe or pipe/fitting test piece assemblies by butt fusion ISO 11420:1996 Method for the assessment of the degree of carbon dispersion polyolefin pipe, fittings and compounds ISO 11496:1993 Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure purposes; ultrasonic testing of tube ends for the detection of laminar imperfections ISO/TR 11647:1996 Fusion compatibility of polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings ISO 11961:1996 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipes for use as drill pipe - Specification ISO 12162:1995 Thermoplastics materials for pipes and fittings for pressure applications - Classification and designation - Overall service (design) coefficient ISO 13664:1997 Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure purposes - Magnetic particle inspection of the tube ends for the detection of laminar imperfections ISO 13665:1997 Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure purposes - Magnetic particle inspection of the tube body for the detection of surface imperfections ISO 13761:1996 Plastics pipes and fittings - Pressure reduction factors for polyethylene pipeline systems for use at temperatures above 20 ISO 13783:1997 Plastics piping systems - Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) end-load-bearing double-socket joints - Test method for leaktightness and strength while subjected to bending and internal pressure DIN standards for pipeline DIN 76-2:1984 Thread run-outs and thread undercuts for pipe threads conforming to ISO 228 part 1 DIN EN 259-1:2001 Wall coverings in roll form - Heavy duty wallcoverings - Part 1: Specifications; DIN EN 259-2:2001 Wall coverings in roll form - Heavy duty wallcoverings - Part 2: Determination of impact resistance; DIN 431:2000 Pipe nuts with thread according to DIN ISO 228-1 DIN 906:1992 Hexagon socket pipe plugs DIN 909:1992 Hexagon head pipe plugs DIN 1230-P1:1992 Vitrified clay for sewerage; special fittings and adapters with flexible mechanical joint and compatible accessories; dimensions DIN 1389:2001 WC connectors - Requirements and testing DIN 1478:1975 Turnbuckles Made from Steel Tube or Round Steel Bar DIN 1986-4:2003 Drainage systems on private ground - Part 4: Fields of application of sewage pipes and fittings of different materials DIN 1988-3 Beiblatt 1:1988 Codes of practice for drinking water installations (TRWI); examples for calculation; DVGW code of practice DIN 2406:1968 Pipelines symbols - pipe classes DIN 2559-2:1984 Edge preparation for welding; matching of inside diameter for circumferential welds on seamless pipes DIN 2559-3:1990 Preparation of welds; matching of inside diameters for circumferential welds on welded pipes DIN 2559-4:1994 Preparation of welds; part 4: matching of inside diameters for circumferential welds on seamless pipes of stainless steels DIN 2609:1991 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings; technical delivery conditions DIN 2614:1990 Cement mortar linings for ductile iron and steel pipes and fittings; application, requirements and testing DIN 2615-1:1992 Steel butt-welding pipes fittings; tees with reduced pressure factor DIN 2615-2:1992 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings; tees for use at full service pressure DIN 2616-1:1991 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings; eccentric reducers with reduced pressure factor DIN 2616-2:1991 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings; reducers for use at full service pressure DIN 2617:1991 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings; caps DIN 2618:1968 Butt welding steel fittings; welding saddles, nominal pressure DIN 2619:1968 Butt welding steel fitting; bends for welding, nominal pressure 16 DIN 2826:1994 Hose fittings with clamp unit for steam and hot water, DN 15 up to DN 50, up to 18 bar DIN 2848:2002 Flanged steel pipes and flanged steel or cast iron fittings with lining - PN 10, PN 25 and PN 40 DIN 2856:1986 Capillary solder fittings; assembly dimensions and testing DIN 2873:2002 Flanged fitting pipes and flanged steel glass lined - PN 10 and PN 25 DIN 2874:2002 Steel flanged pipes and steel and cast iron flanged fittings lined with PTFE or PFA - Technical specifications DIN 2875:2002 Flanged steel pipes and flanged steel fittings with hard or soft rubber lining - Technical specifications DIN 2876:2002 Flanged steel pipes and flanged steel fittings glass lined - Technical specifications DIN 2950:1983 Malleable cast iron fittings DIN 2980:1977 Screwed steel pipe fittings DIN 2981:1982 Threaded steel pipe fitting; fittings with long screw thread DIN 2982:1977 Screwed steel pipe fitting; parallel nipples, taper nipples DIN 2983:1977 Screwed steel pipe fittings, bends DIN 2986:1977 Threaded steel pipe fittings; sockets DIN 2987-P1:1977 Threaded steel pipe fittings crosses, tees, elbows DIN 2987-P2:1977 Threaded steel pipe fittings reducing tees and elbows DIN 2988:1977 Reducing sockets; threaded steel pipe fittings DIN 2990:1977 Threaded steel pipe fitting; hexagon nipple; bushings DIN 2991:1977 Threaded steel pipe sitting; plugs, caps DIN 2993:1977 Threaded steel pipe fittings; pipe unions DIN 2999-2:1973 Whitworth Pipe Threads for Tubes and Fittings; Cylindrical Internal Thread and Conical External Thread, Gauging System and Use of Gauges DIN 2999-3:1973 Whitworth Pipe Threads for Tubes and Fittings; Gauge Dimensions DIN 2999-4:1986 Pipe threads for tubes and fittings; sizes for taper screw limit plug gauges for parallel internal thread DIN 2999-5:1973 Whitworth Pipe Threads for Tubes and Fittings; Cylindrical Screw Limit Ring Gauges for Gauging Conical External Threads, Sizes DIN 2999-6:1975 Whitworth Pipe Threads for Tubes and Fittings; Conical Screw Check Plugs, Sizes DIN 3567:1963 Pipe Brackets for NW 20 to 500 DIN 3568:1977 Clamping plates for the suspension of pipes on I and IP steel beams DIN 3570:1968 Steel Strap for Tubes of NW 20 to 500 DIN 3575:1962 Hanger straps with welding end for pipe hanging DIN 3853:2001 Non-soldering and soldering compression fittings - Stud ends for use with union nut; Design sheet DIN 3858:1988 Whitworth pipe threads for pipe couplings; parallel internal threads and taper external threads; thread dimensions DIN 3861:2002 Non-soldering compression fittings - Compression rings - Design DIN 3867:2003 Non-soldering compression couplings - Pressure bush for butt joints DIN 3870:2001 Non-soldering and soldering compression fittings - Union nuts series LL DIN 3871:1995 Non-soldering and soldering compression couplings - Socket unions DIN 3872:2003 Non-soldering compression couplings - Union nuts for butt joints DIN 3904:1987 Olive type compression couplings; male stud elbows DIN 3907:1987 Olive type compression couplings; male stud tees (stud branch) DIN 3908:1984 Solderless compression couplings with olive equal DIN 3911:1984 Solderless compression couplings with olive elbow DIN 3914:1987 Olive type compression couplings; male stud tees (stud run) DIN 3942:2002 Non-soldered compression fittings - Swivel elbows with 24 cone connectors with O-ring - Adjustable, for design and type of compression end according to DIN EN ISO 8434-1 DIN 3943:2002 Non-soldered compression fittings - Swivel branch tees with 24 cone connectors with O-ring - Adjustable, for design and type of compression end according to DIN EN ISO 8434-1 DIN 3944:2002 Non-soldered compression fittings - L-adaptors with 24 cone connectors and O-ring - Adjustable, for design and type of compression end according to DIN EN ISO 8434-1 DIN 3945:2002 Non-soldered compression fittings - Straight stud swivel adaptor with 24 cone connectors with O-ring - For design and type of compression end according to DIN EN ISO 8434-1 DIN 3952:1984 Solderless compression couplings with olive male, stud elbow assemblies DIN 3953:1984 Solderless compression couplings with olive male, stud tee ( stud branch) assemblies DIN 3954:1984 Solderless compression couplings with olive male, stud tee (stud run) assemblies DIN 4032:1981 Concrete pipes and fitting; dimensions, technical conditions of delivery DIN 4060:1998 Joints of sewer and drain pipes with elastomeric seals - Requirements and testing on joints with elastomeric seals DIN 4922-2:1981 Steel Filter Pipes for Drilled Wells with Screwed Connection DN 100 to DN 500 DIN 4941:1965 Screw threads for drill pipes for seamless drill pipes for water and rock drillings according to the percussion drilling and core drilling method DIN 7340:1993 Tubular rivets cut from the tube DIN 7591:1981 Water fittings for domestic installation; Screwed unions with flat gasket for hose connection on either side, designed for nominal pressure 10 DIN 7593:1981 Water fittings for domestic installation; Screwed unions with gasket for connection to copper tube on either side, designed for nominal pressure 10 DIN 7632:1985 Compression couplings with spherical liner; reducers DIN 7639:1985 Compression couplings with spherical liner; equal tees DIN 8063-1:1986 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (U-PVC) pressure pipelines; dimensions of socket bends DIN 8063-2:1980 Pipe Joints and Pipe Fittings for Pipes under Pressure made of Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (Rigid PVC); Bends Made by Injection Moulding for Bonding; Dimensions DIN 8063-3:2002 Pipe joints and components of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC U) for pipes under pressure - Part 3: Unions; Dimensions DIN 8063-4:1983 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pressure pipes; bushings, flanges, seals; dimensions DIN 8063-5:1999 Pipe joints components of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) for pipes under pressure - Part 5: General quality requirements, testing DIN 8063-6:2002 Pipe joints and components of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC U) for pipes under pressure - Part 6: Injection-moulded elbows for solvent cementing; Dimensions DIN 8063-7:1980 Pipe joints and their elements of unplasticized polyvinylchloride (unplasticized PVC) under pressure; tees and branches of injection moulded for cold welding, dimensions DIN 8063-8:2002 Pipe joints and components of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC U) for pipes under pressure - Part 8: Injection-moulded sockets, caps and nipples for solvent cementing; Dimensions DIN 8063-9:1980 Pipe joints and their elements for pipes of unplasticized polyvinylchloride (unplasticized PVC) under pressure; sockets reducing of injection moulded for cold welding, dimensions DIN 8063-10:2002 Pipe joints and components of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC U) for pipes under pressure - Part 10: Wall bracket elbows; Dimensions DIN 8063-11:1980 Pipe Joints and Pipe Fittings for Pipes under Pressure made of Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (Rigid PVC); Sockets with Primary Element of Copper-Zinc-Alloy (Brass) for Bonding; Dimensions DIN 8063-12:1987 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (U-PVC) pressure pipelines; dimensions of flanged and socket fittings DIN 8975-P9:1983 Refrigeration plants; safety principles for design, equipment and installation, flexible pipe elements in the refrigerant circuit DIN 8076-1:1984 Thermoplastics pressure pipelines; metal compression fittings for polyethylene (PE) pipes; general quality requirements; testing DIN 8076-3:1994 Pressure pipelines made from thermoplastics materials - Part 3: Plastic joints for PE pipes; general quality requirements, testing DIN 8906:1990 PN 40 flared flange solderless compression couplings for use in refrigerating systems DIN 8912:1990 Coupling nuts and screwed plugs for use with PN 40 flared flange solderless compression couplings in refrigerating systems DIN 8914:1990 90 tapered seal rings and caps for use with PN 40 flared flange solderless compression couplings in refrigerating systems DIN 16450:1994 Socket-fittings for pressure piping of unplasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC-U); symbols DIN 16451-P1:1994 Ductile iron (GGG) fittings for use with unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pressure pipes - technical delivery conditions DIN 16867:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipes, fittings and joints for use in chemical pipelines; Technical delivery conditions DIN 16961-1:2000 Pipes and fittings of thermoplastic materials with profiled wall and smooth pipe inside - Part 1: Dimensions DIN 16961-2:2000 Pipes and fittings of thermoplastics materials with profiled wall and smooth pipe inside - Part 2: Technical delivery specifications DIN 16967-2:1982 Glass fibre reinforced epoxy resin (EP-GF) pipe fittings and joints; Elbows, Tees, Dimensions DIN 16928:1979 Pipes of Thermoplastic Materials; Pipe Joints, Elements for Pipes, Laying; General Directions DIN 16962-1:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Bends of Segmental Construction for Butt-welding, Dimensions DIN 16962-2:1983 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 and 2 polypropylene (PP) pressure pipes; tees and branches produced by segment inserts and necking for butt welding; dimensions DIN 16962-3:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Bends Formed from Pipe for Butt-welding, Dimensions DIN 16962-4:1988 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 and 2 polypropylene (PP) pressure pipes; adaptors for fusion jointing, flanges and sealing elements; dimensions DIN 16962-5:2000 Pipe joints and components of polypropylene (PP) for pipes under pressure, PP-H 100, PP-B 80 and PP-R 80 - Part 5: General quality requirements, testing DIN 16962-6:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Elbows for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16962-7:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Tee Pieces for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16962-8:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Sockets and Caps for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16962-9:1983 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 and 2 polypropylene (PP) pressure pipes; injection moulded reducers and nipples for socket welding; dimensions DIN 16962-10:1989 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 to 3 polypropylene (PP) pressure pipes; injection-moulded fittings for butt welding; dimensions DIN 16962-11:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for Polypropylene (PP) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Turned and Pressed Reducing Sockets for Butt-welding, DIN 16962-12:1999 Pipe joints and components of polypropylene (PP) for pipes under pressure, PP-H 100, PP-B 80 and PP-R 80 - Part 12: Flange adapters, flanges, sealing rings for socket welding; dimensions DIN 16962-13:1987 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for type 1 and type 2 polypropylene (PP) pressure pipes; pipe couplings; dimensions DIN 16963-1:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Pipe Bends of Segmental Construction for Butt-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-2:1983 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 and 2 high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pressure pipes; tees and branches produced by segment inserts and necking for butt welding; dimensions DIN 16963-3:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Pipe Bends for Butt-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-4:1988 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) pressure pipes; adaptors for fusion jointing, flanges and sealing elements; dimensions DIN 16963-5:1999 Pipe joints and components of polyethylene (PE) for pipes under pressure, PE 80 and PE 100 - Part 5: General quality requirements, testing DIN 16963-6:1989 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) pressure pipes; injection-moulded fittings for butt welding; dimensions DIN 16963-7:1989 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) pressure pipes; fittings for resistance welding; dimensions DIN 16963-8:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Elbows for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-9:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Tee Pieces for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-10:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Injection Moulded Sockets and Caps for Socket-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-11:1999 Pipe joints and components of polyethylene (PE) for pipes under pressure, PE 80 and PE 100 - Part 11: Flange adapters, flanges, sealing rings for socket welding; dimensions DIN 16963-13:1980 Pipe Joints and Elements for High Pressure Polyethylene (HDPE) Pressure Pipelines, Types 1 and 2; Turned and Pressed Reducing Sockets for Butt-welding, Dimensions DIN 16963-14:1983 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for types 1 and 2 high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pressure pipes; injection moulded reducers and nipples for socket welding; dimensions DIN 16963-15:1987 Pipe joint assemblies and fittings for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pressure pipes; pipe couplings; dimensions DIN 16966-1:1988 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings and joint assemblies; fittings; general quality requirements and testing DIN 16966-2:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings and joints; Elbows, Dimensions DIN 16966-4:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings an joints; Tees, Nozzles, Dimensions DIN 16966-5:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings and joints; Reducers, Dimensions DIN 16966-6:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings and joint assemblies; collars, flanges, joint rings, dimensions DIN 16966-7:1995 Pipe joints and their elements of glass fibre reinforced polyester resins - Part 7: Bushings, flanges, flanged and butt joints; general quality requirements and test methods DIN 16966-8:1982 Glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (UP-GF) pipe fittings and joints; Laminated joints; Dimensions DIN 16970:1970 Adhesives for Bonding Pipes and Pipe System Elements of Rigid PVC; General Quality Requirements and Testings DIN 19522:2000 Cast iron drainage pipes and fittings without sockets (SML) DIN 19530-P1:1983 Steel socket pipes and fittings for sewers; dimensions DIN 19530-P2:1983 Steel socket pipes and fittings for sewers; technical delivery conditions DIN 19531-10:1999 Pipes and fittings made of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) socket for waste and soil discharge systems inside buildings - Part 10: Fire behaviour, quality control and installation recommendations DIN 19532:1979 Pipelines of unplasticized plyvinyl chloride (rigid PVS, PVC-U) for drinking water supply; pipes, pipe joints, pipeline parts DIN 19535-10:2000 High-density polyethylene (PE-HD) pipes and fittings for hot-water resistant waste and soil discharge systems (HT) inside buildings - Part 10: Fire behaviour, quality control and installation recommendations DIN 19537-1:1983 High density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes and fittings for drains and sewers; dimensions DIN 19537-2:1988 High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes and fittings for drains and sewers; technical delivery conditions DIN 19538-10:1999 Pipes and fittings made of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) for hot-water resistant waste and soil discharge systems inside buildings - Part 10: Fire behaviour, quality control and installation recommendations DIN 19559-1:1983 Measurement of flow of waste water in open channels and gravity conduits; general information DIN 19565-1:1989 Centrifugally cast and filled polyester resin glass fibre reinforced (UP-GF) pipes and fittings for buried drains and sewers; dimensions and technical delivery conditions DIN 19800-P1:1973 Asbestos cement pipes and fittings for pressure pipelines; pipes, dimensions DIN 19850-1:1996 Fibre cement pipes and fittings for sewers - Part 1: Dimensions of pipes, branches and bends DIN 19850-2:1996 Fibre cement pipes and fittings for sewers - Part 2: Dimensions of joints DIN 24147 P1:1998 Fittings for use in air distribution systems; overview and dimensions DIN 28065:1993 Glass lined apparatus and pipe equipment; thermal shock resistance DIN 28187:1991 Tubular heat exchangers; connections tube to tube sheet DIN 28600:1983 Ductile iron pressure pipes & fittings for Gas and Water pipelines DIN 28603:2002 Ductile iron pipes and fittings - Push-in joints - Survey, sockets and gaskets DIN 28624:1990 Ductile iron collars for use with gas and water pipes dimensions and mass DIN 28631:1996 Ductile iron castings for gas and water pressure pipelines; MI-fittings, socketed spigots with plane end branch; application dimensions and masses DIN 28633:1996 Ductile iron castings for gas and water pressure pipelines; IT-fitting; all plane end tees; application, dimensions and masses DIN 28645:1990 Ductile iron double-flanged tapers for use with gas and water pipes dimensions and mass DIN 30670:1991 Polyethylen coatings of steel pipes and fittings - Requirements and testing DIN 52613:1977 Thermal Insulation Testings; Determination of Thermal Conductivity by the Tube Method DIN 53769-1:1988 Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics pipes; determination of the longitudinal shear strength of type B pipe fittings DIN 53769-2:1986 Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics pipes; long-term hydrostatic pressure test DIN 53769-3:1988 Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics pipes; determination of initial and long-term ring stiffness DIN 53769-6:1989 Testing of glass fibre reinforced plastics pipes; Testing of pipes and fittings under pulsating internal pressure DIN 86041-1:1996 Welding Flanges - Part 1: Tanks and sea boxes, nominal pressure 10 and 16 DIN 86041-2:1996 Welding flanges - Part 2: Outboard connections, nominal pressure 10, 16, 40 DIN 86086:1996 Fittings for butt welding into copper-nickel-alloy pipelines - Technical specifications DIN 86288:1989 Pipework on ships and marine structures; socketed steel pipes and fittings; fittings for use in shipbuilding DIN EN 253:2003 District heating pipes - Preinsulated bonded pipe systems for directly buried hot water networks - Pipe assembly of steel service pipe, polyurethane thermal insulation and outer casing of polyethylene; DIN EN 295-1:1999 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 1: Requirements DIN EN 295-2:1999 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 2: Quality control and sampling DIN EN 295-3:1999 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 3: Test methods DIN EN 295-4:1995 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 4: Requirements for special fittings, adapters and compatible accessories DIN EN 295-5:1999 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 5: Requirements for perforated vitrified clay pipes and fittings DIN EN 295-6:1995 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 6: Requirements for vitrified clay manholes DIN EN 295-7:1995 Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers - Part 7: Requirements for vitrified clay pipes and joints for pipe jacking DIN EN 448:2003 District heating pipes - Preinsulated bonded pipe systems for directly buried hot water networks - Fitting assemblies of steel service pipes, polyurethane thermal insulation and outer casing of polyethylene DIN EN 476:1997 General requirements for components used in discharge pipes, drains and sewers for gravity systems; DIN EN 489:2003 District heating pipes - Preinsulated bonded pipe systems for directly buried hot water networks - Joint assembly for steel service pipes, polyurethane thermal insulation and outer casing of polyethylene; DIN EN 545:2002 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water pipelines - Requirements and test methods; DIN EN 578:1993 Plastics piping systems; plastics pipes and fittings; determination of the opacity DIN EN 588-1:1996 Fibre-cement pipes for sewers and drains - Part 1: Pipes, joints and fittings for gravity systems; DIN EN 588-2:2002 Fibre cement pipes for drains and sewers - Part 2: Manholes and inspection chambers DIN EN 598:1994 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for sewerage application - Requirements and test methods DIN EN 607:2004 Eaves gutters and fittings made of PVC-U - Definitions, requirements and testing; DIN EN 639:1994 Common requirements for concrete pressure pipes, including joints and fittings; DIN EN 640:1994 Reinforced concrete pressure pipes and distributed reinforcement concrete pressure pipes (non-cylinder type), including joints and fittings DIN EN 641:1994 Reinforced concrete pressure pipes, cylinder type, including joints and fittings DIN EN 642:1994 Prestressed concrete pressure pipes, cylinder and non-cylinder, including joints, fittings and specific requirement for prestressing steel for pipes DIN EN 681-1:2003 Elastomeric seals - Materials requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage applications - Part 1: Vulcanized rubber; DIN EN 705:1994 Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings - Methods for regression analyses and their use DIN EN 713:1994 Plastics piping systems; mechanical joints between fittings and polyolefin pressure pipes; test method for leaktightness under internal pressure of assemblies subjected to bending DIN EN 714:1994 Thermoplastics piping systems - Non-end-load-bearing elastomeric sealing ring type joints between pressure pipes and moulded fittings - Test method for leaktightness under internal hydrostatic pressure whithout end thrust DIN EN 715:1994 Thermoplastics piping systems; end-load bearing joints between small diameter pressure pipes and fittings; test method for leaktightness under internal water pressure, including end thrust DIN EN 723:1996 Copper and copper alloys - Combustion method for determination of carbon on the inner surface of copper tubes or fittings; DIN EN 727:1995 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST); DIN EN 728:1997 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Polyolefin pipes and fittings - Determination of oxidation induction time DIN EN 754-1:1997 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery; DIN EN 754-2:1997 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 2: Mechanical properties; DIN EN 754-3:1996 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 3: Round bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 754-4:1996 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 4: Square bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 754-5:1996 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 5: Rectangular bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 754-6:1996 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 6: Hexagonal bars; tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 754-7:1998 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 7: Seamless tubes, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 754-8:1998 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Cold drawn rod/bar and tube - Part 8: Porthole tubes, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 755-1:1997 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles - Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery DIN EN 755-2:1997 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles - Part 2: Mechanical properties; DIN EN 755-3:1995 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profile - Part 3: Round bars; tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 755-4:1995 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles - Part 4: Square bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 755-5:1995 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles - Part 5: Rectangular bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 755-6:1995 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles - Part 6: Hexagonal bars, tolerances on dimensions and form; DIN EN 763:1994 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Injection-moulded thermoplastics fittings - Test method for visually assessing effects of heating; DIN EN 802:1994 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Injection-moulded thermoplastics fittings for pressure piping systems - Test method for maximum deformation by crushing; DIN EN 803:1994 Plastics piping systems - Injection-moulded thermoplastics fittings for elastic sealing ring type joints for pressure piping - Test method for resistance to a short-term internal pressure without end thrust DIN EN 804:1994 Plastics piping systems - Injection-moulded socket fittings for solvent-cemented joints for pressure piping - Test method for resistance to a short-term internal hydrostatic pressure; DIN EN 911:1995 Plastics piping systems - Elastomeric sealing ring type joints and mechanical joints for thermoplastics pressure piping - Test method for leaktightness under external hydrostatic pressure; DIN EN 922:1995 Plastics piping and ducting systems - Pipes and fittings of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) - Specimen preparation for determination of the viscosity number and calculation of the K-value; DIN EN 969:1995 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for gas pipelines - Requirements and test methods; DIN EN 1119:1996 Plastics piping systems - Joints for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings - Test methods for leaktightness and resistance to damage of flexible and reduced articulation joints; DIN EN 1120:1996 Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings - Determination of the resistance to chemical attack from the inside of a section in a deflected condition; DIN EN 1229:1996 Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings - Test methods to prove the leaktightness of the wall under short-term internal pressure; DIN EN 1277:2004 Plastics piping systems - Thermoplastics piping systems for buried non-pressure applications - Test methods for leaktightness of elastomeric sealing ring type joints; DIN EN 1716:1997 Plastics piping systems - Polyethylene (PE) tapping tees - Test method for impact resistance of an asssembled tapping tee; DIN EN 10233:1994 Metallic materials; tube; flattening test DIN EN 10234:1994 Metallic materials; tube; drift expanding test DIN EN 10242:1995 Threaded pipe fittings in malleable cast iron; JIS standards for pipeline A. Mechanical Engineering JIS B 0151:2001 Iron and steel pipe fittings -- Vocabulary JIS B 2301:2004 Screwed type malleable cast iron pipe fittings JIS B 2302:1998 Screwed type steel pipe fittings JIS B 2303:1995 Screwed drainage fittings JIS B 2311:1997 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings for ordinary use JIS B 2312:1997 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings JIS B 2313:1997 Steel plate butt-welding pipe fittings JIS B 2316:1997 Steel socket-welding pipe fittings JIS B 2321:1995 Aluminium and aluminium alloy butt-welding pipe fittings JIS B 2351:1990 25 MPa (25 kgf/cm2) bite type tube fittings for hydraulic use JIS B 2354:1991 Crosslinked polyethylene (XPE) pipe clamp type fittings JIS B 6164:1996 Compression type tube fittings for machine tools JIS B 8381:1995 Pneumatic system -- Flexible tubes -- Tube fittings JIS B 8602:2002 Pipe flanges for refrigerants JIS B 8607:2002 Flare type and brazing type fittings for refrigerants C. Electronic and Electrical Engineering JIS C 8380:1993 Plastic coated steel pipes for cable-ways D. Automotive Engineering JIS D 3607:1993 Automotive diesel engines - steel tubes for high-pressure fuel injection Railway rolling stock - air filters F. Shipbuilding JIS F 0014:2000 Glossary of terms for shipbuilding (hull part -piping) JIS F 0301:1990 Schemes of thermal insulation of piping for small ships JIS F 0414:1996 Shipbuilding - internal wirings and pipings of engine control console JIS F 0506:1996 Shipbuilding - applications of copper pipes JIS F 0507:1992 Small ships - steel pipes - application JIS F 2007:1976 Mooring pipes JIS F 2030:1978 Single point mooring pipes JIS F 3016:1996 Shipbuilding - cast iron pipe sleeve type expansion joints JIS F 3017:1996 Shipbuilding - cast steel pipe sleeve type expansion joints JIS F 3993:1996 Discharge pipes for dredger JIS F 3994:1996 Floaters of discharge pipes for dredger JIS F 3995:1991 Rubber sleeves for dredge discharge pipes JIS F 7008:1996 Standard specification of thermal insulation for piping JIS F 7101:1993 Pipes of ship's machinery - standard velocity of flow JIS F 7102:1989 Application for gaskets and packings to piping system in machinery space JIS F 7435:1996 Shipbuilding - brass 30K unions with bite joints JIS F 7436:1996 Shipbuilding - copper tube 10K brazed unions JIS F 7437:1996 Shipbuilding - copper tube 10K screwed unions JIS F 7438:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 10K welding type unions JIS F 7439:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 10K screwed unions JIS F 7440:1996 Shipbuilding - copper pipe 20K brazed type unions JIS F 7441:1996 Shipbuilding - copper pipe 20K screwed unions JIS F 7442:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 40K welded unions JIS F 7443:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 40K screwed unions JIS F 7444:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 100K welded unions JIS F 7445:1996 Shipbuilding - steel pipe 100K screwed unions G. Ferrous Materials and Metallurgy JIS G 3429:1988 Seamless steel tubes for high pressure gas cylinder JIS G 3439 Seamless steel oil well casing, tubing and drill pipe JIS G 3441:2004 Alloy steel tubes for machine purposes JIS G 3442:2004 Galvanized steel pipes for ordinary piping JIS G 3443:2004 Coated steel pipes for water service JIS G 3444:2004 Carbon steel tubes for general structural purposes JIS G 3445:1988 Carbon steel tubes for machine structural purposes JIS G 3446:1994 Stainless steel pipes for machine and structural purposes JIS G 3447:2004 Stainless steel sanitary pipes JIS G 3448:2004 Light gauge stainless steel tubes for ordinary piping JIS G 3451:1987 Fittings of coated steel pipes for water service JIS G 3452:2004 Carbon steel pipes for ordinary piping JIS G 3454:1988 Carbon steel pipes for pressure service JIS G 3455:1988 Carbon steel pipes for high pressure service JIS G 3456:2004 Carbon steel pipes for high temperature service JIS G 3457:1988 Arc welded carbon steel pipes JIS G 3458:1988 Alloy steel pipes JIS G 3459:2004 Stainless steel pipes JIS G 3460:1988 Steel pipes for low temperature service JIS G 3465:1988 Seamless steel tubes for drilling JIS G 3466:1988 Carbon steel square pipes for general structural purposes JIS G 3468, Publication date:2004-03-20 Large diameter welded stainless steel pipes JIS G 3469:2002 Polyethylene coated steel pipes JIS G 3471:1977 Corrugated steel pipes and sections JIS G 3474:1995 High tensile strength steel tubes for tower structural purposes JIS G 3491:2004 Asphalt protective coatings for steel water pipe JIS G 3492:1993 Coal-tar enamel protective coatings for steel water pipe JIS G 4903:1991 Seamless nickel-chromium-iron alloy pipes JIS G 5201:1991 Centrifugally cast steel pipes for welded structure JIS G 5202:1991 Centrifugally cast steel pipes for high temperature and high pressure service JIS G 5525:2000 Cast-iron drainage pipes and fittings JIS G 5526:1998 Ductile iron pipes JIS G 5527:1998 Ductile iron fittings JIS G 5528:1984 Epoxy-powder coating for interior of ductile iron pipes and fittings H. Non-ferrous Metals and Metallurgy JIS H 0502:1986 Method of eddy current testing for copper and copper alloy pipes and tubes JIS H 0515:1992 Eddy current inspection of titanium pipes and tubes JIS H 0516:1992 Ultrasonic inspection of titanium pipes and tubes JIS H 3300:1997 Copper and copper alloy seamless pipes and tubes JIS H 3320:1992 Copper and copper alloy welded pipes and tubes JIS H 3401:2001 Pipe fittings of copper and copper alloys JIS H 4080:1999 Aluminum and aluminium alloys extruded tubes and cold-drawn tubes JIS H 4090:1990 Aluminum and aluminium alloy welded pipes and tubes JIS H 4202:1998 Magnesium alloy seamless pipes and tubes JIS H 4311:1993 Lead and lead alloy tubes for common industries JIS H 4312:2000 Polyethylene lining lead pipes for water supply JIS H 4552:2000 Nickel and nickel alloy seamless pipes and tubes JIS H 4630:2001 Titanium and titanium alloy seamless pipes JIS H 4635:2001 Titanium and titanium alloy welded pipes  34U'T V$u !!#'$%%'(( ),޲{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`{`5hchcB*CJKHOJQJ^JaJmH phsH 7hchc5B* CJKHOJQJ\^JmH phzsH 5hchcB* CJ$KH$OJQJ^JaJ$mH phzsH 2hcB* CJ$KH$OJQJ^JaJ$mH o(phzsH #hc0JB*CJaJmH phsH hcB*CJaJmH phsH "hcCJ$OJQJ^JaJ$mH sH % 34U~$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc#$dhd&d-D1$@&M P[$\$a$gdcdh-DM gdc -DM gdc$dh-DM a$gdc$-DM a$gdc ,`n' 7F & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdcFT8ESr & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc V$c u "!E! & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdcE!P!^!n!!!!!""1#?#|###'$$ & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$$$7%E%T%x%%%'(`(v((( )+ & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc+++7,E,T,w,,,B/T/h/////0 & F dhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & F dhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc,,0l011y44`556 7h88;;==?l?ABrCCGG6IIJK7LLM N-OORR1RӞ},ȵ"hcB*CJaJmH o(phsH hcB*CJaJmH phsH "hcCJ$OJQJ^JaJ$mH sH %hcCJ$OJQJ^JaJ$mH o(sH 5hchcB*CJKHOJQJ^JaJmH phsH 7hchc5B* CJKHOJQJ\^JmH phzsH ,0l00081F1o11111`3w3333y4 & F dhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc & F dhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdcy445(575B5R5`556 77777+898 & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc & F dhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc98H8h88;;==>>>?l?Ar & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc ABBBBBBBBBC/CFCTCbCrCCGGH & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdcHHHHH I+I6IIJKKKKKKL & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdcL L,L7LLM N-OORRR1R -DM gdc$dhd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$M [$\$a$gdc$dhdd-D1$@&M [$\$a$gdc & Fdhdd-D1$M [$\$gdc 1RӞ},,,dh-DM gdc -DM gdc$dh-DM a$gdc,,,hchmH sH (hchcB*CJaJmH o(phsH 0182P. 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